![]() ![]() These features are finally fed to a classification process based on nearest neighbor’s classifier and cosine Mahalanobis distance to obtain final character labels. We propose a new and efficient Arabic handwritten character recognition scheme, tested on two datasets the new proposed dataset HAMCDB compared to the public database AHCD of handwritten Arabic characters, where the local features using Gabor filter, Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Binarized Statistical Image Features (BSIF) are enhanced with a deep auto-encoder architecture for better accuracy. ![]() HAMCDB understands a total of 1560 character images with 78 shapes and 20 images for each one. The samples in the database were obtained from a variety of sources, the most important of which was the Algerian manuscripts portal (), which is a platform designed by the work team of the Algerian Manuscript’s laboratory in Africa, to safeguard the humanitarian patrimony, where the reader can view and download digital copies and through this work by offering an OCR that is specific to the style of our region, we hope to make the search’s operation more easier. The database consists of all shapes of Arabic characters written in the Maghrebi style. One of the main contributions of this paper is to create and present in detail a new database for Handwritten Arabic-Maghrebi Characters (HAMCDB), this handwriting style, which is represented and used for the first time in this field of character recognition and is much more difficult, poses additional challenges and complexities due to its characteristics. However, optical Arabic character recognition systems still suffer from low performances in the wild because of high human handwriting variations, styles, ambiguity and complexity. Over the years, automated handwritten Arabic character recognition systems have evolved. In the next lesson we will use some examples to practice and familiarise ourselves with the joined form of letters In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing). Please move on to the next lesson after you have familiarised yourself to a reasonable level of the joined forms above. Finally, to master the different forms of joining will take some time and it is important to practice writing whilst learning the Arabic language to become familiar with the script. This will come with practice In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing), so it is not necessary to have mastered all the letters joining forms before moving on.For example, the following groups of letters are very similar in their joined forms, in most cases the only difference is the position or number of dots used in the letters: Whilst it is important to make an effort to look at the forms above, it is sometimes easier to look for the patterns rather than each individual letter.Most letters do join to other letters in front of them, however, there are six letters which do not join to any letter after them, these letters are:.All letters are written in their full form if they occur at the end of a word, some may slightly change shape.The most common patterns you will find below are:.The table below shows every scenario, i.e.: how each letter will be written in the beginning, middle and end of a word as well as an example of its joined form and the shape of the letter by itself (as we learnt earlier). As there are so many different scenarios to remember, it is easier to remember the patterns.there are 6 letters which do not join to any other letter (but can be joined to) - this is covered below. The position of the letter in the word (i.e.The letter being used (e.g.: /Alif/, /Baa/ etc.) as different rules apply to different letters.The reason for this is that the way a letter joins depends on: ![]()
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